Our Discoveries

Drug combination leads to durable responses in patients with small cell lung cancer

Relapse after chemotherapy is common among patients with small cell neuroendocrine cancers, including small cell lung cancer. In a new clinical study, CCR scientists found a combination of berzosertib and topotecan led to durable tumor responses in patients with these cancers.

Engineered myeloid cells have promise as a potential treatment for metastatic cancer

A team led by Rosandra N. Kaplan, M.D., Investigator in the Pediatric Oncology Branch, genetically engineered immune cells, called myeloid cells, to deliver an anti-cancer signal to organs where cancer may spread. The results of the treatment, reported in Cell, shrank tumors and prevented metastasis in mice.

FDA grants orphan drug designation to PRGN-2012 for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

The Food and Drug Administration has granted orphan drug designation to PRGN-2012 immunotherapy for use in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

High magnification micrograph of a clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Combination therapy in patients with advanced kidney cancer found to be highly effective

A phase III international clinical trial that tested the combination therapy of nivolumab and cabozantinib in patients with advanced, untreated renal-cell carcinoma yielded promising results.

Hotspots for DNA damage and repair in neurons identified

Researchers have pinpointed hotspots along the genome of neurons where endogenous, or internally driven, DNA breaks and repair accumulate. If the breaks are not repaired rapidly, they can lead to neuron dysfunction, degeneration and death.

New finding reveals how some cancers gain or lose chromosomes

Some cancers have an abnormal number of chromosomes, and patients with these cancers tend to have a worse prognosis. CCR researchers have uncovered how overexpression of just one protein can cause these chromosome abnormalities – hinting at a mechanism that could be therapeutically targeted.

Drug lessens symptoms of severe chronic graft-versus-host disease

About half of patients who receive allogeneic stem cell transplants, a treatment for blood cancer, develop a difficult-to-treat condition called chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). CCR investigators have found that pomalidomide, an immune-modulating drug, can reduce symptoms in patients with severe cases of cGVHD.

A key mechanism that fuels uncontrolled cell growth is uncovered in yeast

Scientists have long wondered how cancer cells use a protein complex, called TOR, to survive and proliferate in nutrient-poor conditions. Now, CCR researchers have discovered how a protein that is targeted by TOR drives this process, which holds important implications for understanding cancer and some genetic disorders.

amplified TNIK contributes to LSCC progression

Potential therapeutic target for lung squamous cell carcinoma identified

CCR researchers have identified the protein TNIK as a therapeutic target for lung squamous cell carcinoma, the second most common type of lung cancer. Using human lung cancer cells transplanted into preclinical models, researchers found that the cells responded to a pharmacological treatment that inhibited TNIK and also resulted in cell death in the transplanted tumor cells.

Fecal microbiota transplants help patients with advanced melanoma respond to immunotherapy

A collaborative study between the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center at the University of Pittsburgh suggests that fecal microbiota transplants can help patients with advanced melanoma respond to immunotherapy. “Our study is one of the first to demonstrate in patients that altering the composition of the gut microbiome can improve the response to immunotherapy,” says study co-leader Giorgio Trinchieri, M.D., Chief of CCR’s Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology.

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