Cancer Biomaterials Engineering

The Cancer Biomaterials Engineering Section is a multidisciplinary combination of biomaterials science, cancer immunology, and tissue engineering. The lab is led by Dr. Matthew Wolf and investigates immunomodulatory biomaterials for use in next-generation cancer immunotherapies. Biomaterials are made from a diverse range of substances, from plastics to collagen, and are important tools in medicine. Examples include artificial joints, vascular stents, reconstructive surgery after car accidents, or even replacing entire tissues like heart valves. However, biomaterials also have the ability to initiate and regulate inflammation in ways that depend on its physical and chemical composition. We aim to integrate immunomodulatory biomaterials with immune oncology – the study of the immune system’s role in recognizing and fighting cancer. Decoding the cellular and molecular processes at the biomaterial-tissue interface enables us to control immunity for more effective cancer immunotherapy, cancer vaccines, and patient-specific tumor models in-a-dish. Understanding the reverse (how cancer hijacks the immune response to materials), will aid in developing regenerative medicine therapies for cancer patients who have impaired wound healing.

Image

Scaffold Assisted Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomaterial scaffolds are used for precise localized drug delivery. Biomaterials also have the ability to initiate and regulate inflammation in ways that depend on its physical and chemical composition, providing a natural synergy with cancer immunotherapy. We aim to integrate immunomodulatory biomaterials in surgical immune oncology – the study of the immune system’s role in recognizing and fighting cancer during surgical intervention. Decoding the cellular and molecular processes at the biomaterial-tissue interface enables us to control immunity for more effective cancer immunotherapy such as checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and cancer vaccines.

Image

Tumor Tissue Engineering the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer cells don’t work alone to form tumors but rather rely on support from a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment made up of fibroblasts, immune cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM). This tumor microenvironment enables cancer progression and therapy resistance, including resistance to cancer immunotherapy. We created a method to engineer tumor microenvironments in-a-dish that we call “MatriSpheres,” wherein diverse tumor cells and ECM molecules spontaneously self-assemble into 3D tumor-like structures. By using decellularized ECM, we can mimic the tumor microenvironment to study its effect on immune function and to test therapeutics in vitro before going to patients or animals.