The Center for Immuno-Oncology Translational Research area develops novel immunotherapeutics that are translated from hypothesis-driven preclinical studies to clinical trials. The Vaccine Group conducts translational research investigating combinations of new immunotherapeutic approaches to target various human cancers.  We conduct both in vitro and in vivo studies in syngeneic and humanized mouse models to evaluate novel immunotherapeutics, as well as combinations of immunotherapeutics with non-immune-based therapies. Our group also studies patients' immune responses to provide critical information toward the development of more effective immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.